PESA
Republic of Botswana

Republic of Botswana

Political Economy Summary

Capital Gaborone
Independence 30 September 1966
Head of State & Govt H.E. Mokgweetsi Masisi
Minister of Foreign Affairs Lemogang Kwape
Minister of Finance Peggy Onkutlwile Serame
Central Bank Governor Cornelius Karlens Dekop
Next National Elections Date 2024
Government Website http://www.gov.bw/
Parliament Website http://www.gov.bw/The-Parliament-PO1/

Click on a thumbnail below to read the relevant PESA Editorial regarding Botswana.

PESA Editorial on Botswana: 1H2023/24
Botswana’s economy has continued recovering from the global shocks caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and the Russia-Ukraine conflict in 2022. The Bank of ...
PESA Editorial on Botswana: 2H2022/23
Botswana’s exports have continued recovering from the shock caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The country’s total merchandise exports continued recovering to USD 7.5 billion in ...
PESA Editorial on Botswana: 1H2022/23
Accurate and balanced analysis of the political economy in Botswana ...
Balance of Payments and International FDI Position in Botswana: FY2019/20
Botswana's merchandise export earnings have been volatile since 2016. The volatility in exports has not resulted in deterioration of gross official reserves due to the ...
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Click on a thumbnail below to read the relevant PESA Regional Integration Monitor relating to Botswana.

La SADC dans l'Année Globale des Élections
Le numéro d'avril 2024 fournit une mise à jour sur l'état actuel de l'intégration régionale dans la SADC en évaluant la région au cours de ...
SADC in the Global Year of Elections
The April 2024 issue provides an update on the current state of regional integration in SADC by evaluating the region in the global year of ...
SADC no Ano Global de Eleições
A edição de Abril de 2024 fornece uma actualização sobre o estado actual da integração regional na SADC, avaliando a região no ano global de ...
The State of Regional Integration in SADC [EN]
The September 2023 provides an update on the current state of regional integration in SADC by evaluating the challenges, achievements, and prospects for the future ...
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Click on a thumbnail below to view the latest PESA Policy Dialogues on issues relating to Botswana.

Political Economy Review: South Africa 2021 Riots and Looting
Interview reflecting about the regional impact of the July 2021 riots and looting in South Africa on the SADC region. The interview looks at the ...
Political Economy Review: 2019 Botswana Elections & Russia-Africa Summit
Analysis of the possible outcomes from the 2019 Botswana general elections and the impact of the fallout between former President Seretse Khama and incumbent President ...
Political Economy Review: SACU and SADC in 2019
Interview reflecting on the regional impact of slow growth in South Africa and how it affects neighbouring countries in SADC and SACU. The interview examines ...
Political Economy Review: Botswana's Economic Diversification
Interview about the recent discovery of the second-largest diamond which was discovered in Botswana and measured at 1,758-carats. The interview reviews why Botswana has not ...
Botswana Geographic Location
Geographic Location

Botswana is a landlocked country located in Southern Africa, north of South Africa. Botswana has land boundaries shared with Namibia to the west, South Africa to the south-east, Zimbabwe and Zambia to the north-east. Much of the population of Botswana is concentrated in the eastern part of the country.

Batswana Cities
Batswana Cities
Batswana Coat Arms
Coat of Arms

The Batswana coat of arms was adopted on January 25, 1966. The centre shield is supported by two zebras. On the top portion of the shield are three cogwheels that represent industry. The three waves symbolise water and rain, or in pula seTswana, which also means good luck and is the name of the nation’s currency. Pula, which is also found on the bottom ribbon of the coat of arms, represents the importance of water to Batswana.

At the bottom of the shield there is a head of cattle, which symbolises the importance of cattle herding in Botswana. The two zebras also symbolise the importance of wildlife, through tourism, in the national economy. Also, zebras have black and white stripes which represents equality of people of all colors in Botswana. The zebra on the right holds an ear of sorghum, an important crop in the nation. The zebra on the left holds a tusk of ivory, symbolic of the former ivory trade in Botswana. There is also a view that the ivory tusk represents wild life preservation. Botswana has one of the highest elephant populations in Africa.

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